Concept information
Preferred term
GAPS
Definition
- Project URL: http://polaryear.no/prosjekter/GAPS Proposal URL: http://classic.ipy.org/development/eoi/proposal-details.php?id=310 Since the early 1970s oil and gas development has gradually come to dominate the industrial sector in the Arctic. The pace of development has increased significantly in recent years as the price of oil and gas has risen, motivating industry to travel further north to extract fossil fuels for global consumption. Increasing pressure from various governments - Russian, Norwegian, Canadian and Americans - require the Arctic to be open for business. Increasingly, Arctic communities are being tied into the global market for oil and gas, putting pressure on their individual and societal capacities to cope with change, participate in resource management decision-making, and secure any possible economic and social benefits. As such, the urgent pace of such development poses critical challenges to the human security of communities, affecting local economies, traditional livelihoods, health, food, and the environment. At the same time traditional securities are increasing in pressure from sovereignty issues to reducing dependencies upon Middle East oil and gas supplies. A growing body of research and policy work on human security already exists [UNDP, 1994; Canada, 2005; Hoogensen, 2005]. However, little work to date has been conducted on the unique challenges to human security in the Arctic context. Human security attempts to recognize the (in)securities of human beings in a variety of contexts, ranging from health and food security to identity, economic and environmental securities. Oil and gas development from a securities perspective can be seen both positively and negatively, exposing Arctic communities to threats as well as opportunities. This framework provides a vehicle for the expression of vulnerabilities and adaptabilities from the grassroots level, such that individuals and communities themselves can determine what is important to their own sense of security. The need for such comprehensive, participatory research on the impacts of oil and gas development in Arctic communities has been well articulated (AHDR 2004; ACIA 2005; AIL 2005; AIP 2005; ICARP II 2005). This timely research seeks to understand how oil and gas development impacts the security of Arctic communities, both for themselves as well as in relation to more traditional state-based securities requiring access and exploitation of resources. GAPS is a multidisciplinary project, joining social and natural scientists together, along with participating local communities and organizations, to gather and analyze data on oil and gas development in the Arctic region using a multiple securities approach. The project explores a number of the traditional and human security and environmental relationships in the Arctic and demonstrates the importance of the region to the development of security concepts in relation to environmental change. Research project objectives: Expand upon current understandings of human and traditional/state securities in the Arctic and their linkages to climate change; Explore the meaning of security in Arctic communities and develop an understanding of the factors contributing to (in)securities as they are identified by community members; Consider how local knowledge exposes (in)securities that have been thus far neglected or overlooked by scientific and policy communities; Explore new potentials for local adaptabilities previously overlooked by research and policy communities; Assess the interrelationships between major processes of change in the Arctic (including climate, societal, economic, ecological) and their combined impacts on human security in the region; Explore new possibilities for community engagement in research in the Arctic and further strengthen university-community research linkages; Facilitate communication and collaboration between circumpolar communities; Develop grassroots indicators and methods to assess the impacts of oil and gas development on human security in the Arctic; Employ innovative methods of data collection and research dissemination (i.e. film and video) to facilitate community access to, and involvement in, the research; and, Provide the basis for Masters and PhD thesis research for participating graduate students. (en)
Broader concept
- G - I (en)
URI
https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/dab4844a-5f2b-4f56-8c7b-70bb0066dd5d
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