@prefix ns0: . @prefix skos: . ns0:resource [ ] ; ns0:altLabel [ ] ; skos:changeNote """2015-02-25 15:51:52.0 [epneff] Updated URLS update Definition (More Information: "http://www.ec.gc.ca/ccmac-cccma/" CCCma is a division of the Climate Research Branch of the Meteorological Service of Canada, Environment Canada. We conduct research in coupled and atmospheric climate modelling, sea-ice modelling, climate variability and predictability, tracer transport, and a number of other areas. The division's current workhorse atmospheric general circulation model is known as AGCM2 (McFarlane, et al., 1992). This second generation model has been used extensively for equilibrium climate change simulations with and without the direct effects of sulfate aerosols (Boer and Reader, 1997; Boer, et al., 1992), Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project studies (Zwiers, 1996; Zwiers and Kharin, 1997), paleo-climate studies (Vettori, et al., 1997) and passive tracer studies. AGCM2 is also used in the production of operational seasonal climate forecasts at the Canadian Meteorological Centre, and it is used by a number of collaborators in the Canadian Climate Research Network. AGCM2 is the atmospheric component of the division's recently developed coupled global climate models. The first version, which is known as CGCM1 (Flato, et al., 2000), couples AGCM2 to a specially adapted version of the GFLD Modular Ocean Model (MOM) and a thermodynamic sea-ice model. A 1000 year control integration and an ensemble of transient climate change experiments (Boer, et al., 2000a;b) which includes historical and projected changes in greenhouse gas and sulfate aerosol forcing for the period between years 1900 and 2100 have recently been completed. A second version of the coupled, model, CGCM2, (Flato and Boer, 2001) again uses AGCM2 as the atmospheric component, but includes a representation of sea-ice dynamics and an improved representation of ocean mixing (isopycnaln of sea-ice dynamics and an improved representation of ocean mixing (isopycnal diffusion plus Gent-McWilliams eddy stirring parameterization). CGCM2 has been used to conduct another 1000 year control integration, plus ensembles of transient simulations using the IS92a and SRES A2 and B2 forcing scenarios. Selected data from these simulations has been contributed to the IPCC Data Distribution Centre to facilitate its use for climate impact studies. Data is also available from our web site at "http://www.ec.gc.ca/ccmac-cccma/" CCCma has recently completed development of a third generation atmospheric model known as AGCM3. It operates at higher horizontal and vertical resolution and includes improved boundary layer, convection, cloud and radiation parameterizations, an optimized representation of the earth's topography, and a new land surface module (CLASS). AGCM3 forms the basis of the Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model (MAM) which is being developed by the MAM group of the Climate Research Network. The latest version of the Division's global climate model couples AGCM3 to a further improved ocean model (based on the NCAR 'NCOM1.3' code) a dynamical sea-ice model that includes an explicit representation of 'leads', a physically-based river routing scheme, a parameterization of iceberg calving (to return water accumulated on Antarctica and Greenland to the ocean), and a sophisticated coupling scheme that allows model components to run in parallel on a multi-processor supercomputer. Control and transient integrations with this model are now getting underway. Diagnostic studies of both the observed and simulated climate system are also an integral component of CCCma's work. The Division has developed an extensive climate diagnostics package that is fully integrated into CCCma's modelling environment. The diagnostics package is used by a number of groups within the Meteorological Service of Canada, in the Climate Research Network and in the Canadian university community, and has been emulated elsewhere. One of the major foci of diagnostic research is understanding climate variability and extreme events, the potential for changes in variability under changing climate, and the implications for predictability at seasonal to decadal time scales. Our staff include research scientists, post-doctoral fellows, computing; administrative support personnel and graduate students.); """ ; skos:broader ; skos:prefLabel "CA/EC/MSC/CRB/CCMA"@en ; skos:inScheme ; skos:definition """More Information: "http://www.ec.gc.ca/ccmac-cccma/" CCCma is a division of the Climate Research Branch of the Meteorological Service of Canada, Environment Canada. We conduct research in coupled and atmospheric climate modelling, sea-ice modelling, climate variability and predictability, tracer transport, and a number of other areas. The division's current workhorse atmospheric general circulation model is known as AGCM2 (McFarlane, et al., 1992). This second generation model has been used extensively for equilibrium climate change simulations with and without the direct effects of sulfate aerosols (Boer and Reader, 1997; Boer, et al., 1992), Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project studies (Zwiers, 1996; Zwiers and Kharin, 1997), paleo-climate studies (Vettori, et al., 1997) and passive tracer studies. AGCM2 is also used in the production of operational seasonal climate forecasts at the Canadian Meteorological Centre, and it is used by a number of collaborators in the Canadian Climate Research Network. AGCM2 is the atmospheric component of the division's recently developed coupled global climate models. The first version, which is known as CGCM1 (Flato, et al., 2000), couples AGCM2 to a specially adapted version of the GFLD Modular Ocean Model (MOM) and a thermodynamic sea-ice model. A 1000 year control integration and an ensemble of transient climate change experiments (Boer, et al., 2000a;b) which includes historical and projected changes in greenhouse gas and sulfate aerosol forcing for the period between years 1900 and 2100 have recently been completed. A second version of the coupled, model, CGCM2, (Flato and Boer, 2001) again uses AGCM2 as the atmospheric component, but includes a representation of sea-ice dynamics and an improved representation of ocean mixing (isopycnaln of sea-ice dynamics and an improved representation of ocean mixing (isopycnal diffusion plus Gent-McWilliams eddy stirring parameterization). CGCM2 has been used to conduct another 1000 year control integration, plus ensembles of transient simulations using the IS92a and SRES A2 and B2 forcing scenarios. Selected data from these simulations has been contributed to the IPCC Data Distribution Centre to facilitate its use for climate impact studies. Data is also available from our web site at "http://www.cccma.bc.ec.gc.ca" CCCma has recently completed development of a third generation atmospheric model known as AGCM3. It operates at higher horizontal and vertical resolution and includes improved boundary layer, convection, cloud and radiation parameterizations, an optimized representation of the earth's topography, and a new land surface module (CLASS). AGCM3 forms the basis of the Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model (MAM) which is being developed by the MAM group of the Climate Research Network. The latest version of the Division's global climate model couples AGCM3 to a further improved ocean model (based on the NCAR 'NCOM1.3' code) a dynamical sea-ice model that includes an explicit representation of 'leads', a physically-based river routing scheme, a parameterization of iceberg calving (to return water accumulated on Antarctica and Greenland to the ocean), and a sophisticated coupling scheme that allows model components to run in parallel on a multi-processor supercomputer. Control and transient integrations with this model are now getting underway. Diagnostic studies of both the observed and simulated climate system are also an integral component of CCCma's work. The Division has developed an extensive climate diagnostics package that is fully integrated into CCCma's modelling environment. The diagnostics package is used by a number of groups within the Meteorological Service of Canada, in the Climate Research Network and in the Canadian university community, and has been emulated elsewhere. One of the major foci of diagnostic research is understanding climate variability and extreme events, the potential for changes in variability under changing climate, and the implications for predictability at seasonal to decadal time scales. Our staff include research scientists, post-doctoral fellows, computing; administrative support personnel and graduate students."""@en ; a skos:Concept . skos:prefLabel "CANADA"@en ; a skos:Concept ; skos:narrower .